Ninth Edition Updates to ‘The World Atlas of Wine’ Illustrate Climate Change’s Impact on Wine

Dave McIntyre and Jancis Robinson sit down to discuss the ninth edition of "The World Atlas of Wine."

When Jancis Robinson began writing about wine 50 years ago, the wine world looked very different. Today, long-standing assumptions about where grapes can grow, how wineries operate and even the bottles that hold the wine are being upended. These transformations were at the heart of a conversation between Robinson and former Washington Post wine columnist Dave McIntyre during a recent Smithsonian Associates event in Washington, D.C., as the two discussed the newly released ninth edition of the “The World Atlas of Wine“.

Alongside Robinson’s other influential works, “The Oxford Companion to Wine” and “Wine Grapes,” “The World Atlas of Wine” — first written by Hugh Johnson and now also co-authored with Julia Harding — is among the industry’s most respected reference books. Even in a digital age, these books remain treasured resources for wine students, professionals and connoisseurs who use them often to indulge in the details of their favorite bottle.

The Atlas’s ninth edition goes beyond routine edits. Its cover boasts it’s “completely revised” and during the event Robinson pointed to a single driver: “The overriding change is climate change,” she told an auditorium of approximately 150 people comparing the eighth edition (published in 2019) and the ninth.

Proof of that is scattered among an additional 16 pages, which include new maps and information about emerging wine regions (the 432-page book now has a total of 240 maps). While flipping through the introductory pages, graphics on the carbon cycle, temperature rise and California’s carbon footprint stood out, underscoring how climate change is impossible to ignore in the industry.

A book page includes text and illustrations.
A peek inside the ninth edition of “The World Atlas of Wine,” which takes a serious look at the impact of climate change.

With wine-growing regions expanding closer to the North and South Poles, Robinson highlighted the Atlas now includes new maps of Northern Europe, where she said all of Scandinavia and every Baltic nation are now producing wine. In the opposite direction, she spoke enthusiastically about Chardonnay production at the southern tip of South America in Patagonia. For a book built around the geography of wine, the shifting boundaries of where grapes can grow show just how quickly the industry is changing.

But while the reasons behind these shifts may feel grim (such as wildfires and smoke taint threatening vines or water shortages depriving vineyards — “I’m worried about water, less rainfall and more drought,” she noted), it’s quite remarkable how upbeat and optimistic Robinson remains about some of these industry shifts.

Listening to Robinson discuss other additions to the book (some are not necessarily climate-driven) is like seeing a flashing neon arrow pointing to all the exciting bottles worth seeking out: The ninth edition now devotes maps to Champagne’s Aube region, the “volcanic Loire,” along the easterly reaches of the Loire River in France, and Valtellina, Italy, high up in the Alps near Switzerland. Calistoga, in the northern part of Napa Valley, also gets its own map.

Yet climate change is doing more than just redrawing borders and creating new wine regions: Robinson said these challenges are spurring cross-border collaborations, more innovation and even rethinking which grape varieties can be grown and which wines to produce as the industry works to adapt and become more sustainable and resilient. In today’s world, winemakers are not just seeking to adapt to a changing climate, they’re also trying to reduce their own environmental footprint.

For example, during the talk, Robinson discussed bottle weight, which contributes to carbon emissions both in production and in transportation. It’s been an issue she has long campaigned to reduce. So much so that her wine reviews include an “NHB” rating, standing for “naughty heavy bottle” (which takes on a greater importance if you can hear it in her British accent). As explained in the Atlas, “the energy required to heat glass furnaces and to ship glass bottles is wine’s single biggest contribution to greenhouse gas emissions.” The good news, she said, is that the industry is shifting. “In my time, I’ve seen a delightful revolution,” she said about falling bottle weights.

Robinson also pointed to more global collaboration. She recalled how in the late 1970s vignerons in Burgundy would “feign ignorance” about their neighbors — keeping to themselves while producing their wines. Now, winemakers “have friends everywhere,” she said. “There’s no barriers now between producers,” she said, noting how common it is for winemakers to travel and do internships in other parts of the world. She recalled talking to one Napa winemaker after the 2017 wildfires who said she immediately called an Australian winemaker for help when smoke and fire threatened her vines.

That kind of collaboration will be increasingly important as the wine industry navigates these shifting regions and adapts to a changing climate. Fortunately, books like the World Atlas of Wine can help us keep track of this evolving world.

For more on The World Atlas of Wine and Jancis Robinson’s Washington, D.C., conversation, read Dave McIntyre’s articles about the ninth edition and his own recap of his Smithsonian conversation.

Where Are the Women Winemakers?

The “Closing the Gender Gap in Winemaking” paper was launched at a March 29 event at Bluemont Vineyard. Among the featured wineries was Northern Virginia’s Walsh Family Wines, whose cheeky wine ” What Will the Women Drink” is a spicy blend of Cabernet, Petit Verdot and Tannat. (Photo by itswinebyme).

In my decade-ish long wine journey, I never worried too much about the number of women producing delicious wines and driving the industry forward, especially as so many of my favorite female winemakers are producing standout bottles. My collection has always included bottles from the legendary Cathy Corison, volcanic Sicilian wines from Arianna Occhipinti, and the graceful Fleurie of Beaujolais’ Anne Sophie Dubois. Even among the new guard of U.S. west-coast winemakers, Martha Stoumen, Megan Bell, Brianne Day and Kelley Fox are among my favorites. As a wine geek located in D.C., my favorite day trip recommendation is Early Mountain, where Maya Hood White has transformed the vineyards and produces some stunning examples. And my summer go-to quencher is currently a bright Albariño from Blenheim Vineyard’s Kirsty Harmon from the Monticello Wine Trail.

So when I was asked to write a white paper about closing the gender gap in winemaking for the Virginia wine industry, I was surprised to learn that only about 17% of winemakers in the U.S. are women. In Virginia, the statistics for female winemakers are nearly the same, although if you dig deeper to understand hiring, the chances for a woman to become a Virginia winemaker are far more likely if she has the resources to start her own winery. In the last five years, according to data tracked by Matthew Fitzsimmons, only two women were hired by wineries they had no relation to.

Barriers Facing Female Winemakers

Finding out the answers why, and identifying solutions to achieve gender parity, is not easy. One woman who confided in me, shared her career trajectory was a mix of impressive support from some of her bosses, yet a number of different kinds of challenges ultimately led to her decision to step away from winemaking.

For example, early in her career, she was often singled out to do gender-biased tasks like cleaning up “after the boys.” As her career progressed, she said men with less experience would surpass her for winemaking roles, and once finally becoming a winemaker, she still faced questions of whether she could do the job. Combine all this with a lack of health benefits (leading to her questioning whether she wanted a family), and a role requiring long hours, with little to no overtime pay, it’s easy to see why she decided to move her career in a different direction.

These are hard decisions. Winemaking is a passion industry and often a form of personal artistry, where the drive to succeed can be far more personal than those entering more traditional corporate career paths.

What’s curious is that women often make up more than 50% of enology degree programs, yet far fewer become winemakers. When I reached out to some administrators at U.C. Davis’s enology program, they pointed to what could be one of the biggest challenges to closing the gender gap: Anecdotal evidence suggests women leave winemaking within 5 to 10 years of graduating at a higher frequency than men.

Challenges for female winemakers often came down to sexist attitudes that women can’t physically do the job (which to put it bluntly by many of the women I interviewed, is “bull sh*t.” ), the lack of benefits and job security, not getting paid the same as their male counterparts (although national salary data — which include the E&J Gallos of the world alongside the smaller wineries — shows salaries between the genders are not too far off), and women having to work harder to constantly “prove themselves,” often with little recognition for it.

Strengths Women Bring to the Cellar

What makes these conditions even more frustrating is when you understand the many strengths women bring to winemaking: They have more innovative ideas (perhaps because of the legacy of having to prove their worth), they have strong collaborative skills (and as one male winemaker noted, “less drama” in the cellar), and they possess innate skills lending to better quality wines (studies show women can be better tasters; and a few winemakers I’ve spoken to over the years point to women being much better nurturers, aiding in the patience that’s needed in both the vineyard and the cellar to make quality wine).

The good news is that success can be found, often by finding the right mentors. Most of the female winemakers I spoke to were able to successfully navigate the industry by having mentors who provided everything from practical winemaking advice, to leadership skills, to how best to handle working relationships in the industry.

In the paper, I briefly highlight a few mentoring and training examples, including that of one woman who started her career washing dishes in the winery, moved to the vineyard and is now training to become a winemaker alongside the winery’s head winemaker who said she was now his “right-hand person,” contributing to the quality of the wine.

Visibility and Lasting Change

In their book “Women Winemakers: Personal Odysseys,” Santa Clara University professors Lucia Albino Gilbert and John Gilbert came to the conclusion that a key solution to bringing more female winemakers in the field is more visibility. Whether that encourages more women to enter the field or those in the industry to be more accepting, I tend to agree. But it’s also the easy answer. The challenges women face in the U.S. (and in Virginia) are complicated and ones that a one-size-fits all solution can’t address. But if we can get the conversation started, and showcase the immense talents that women bring to the industry, perhaps in a few years, the data will say something different.

Read the Full Report

For the paper Virginia Women in Wine commissioned, we let the voices of Virginia’s wine industry shine through and hope it serves as a launching point for hiring managers and other industry leaders to create a more inclusive and diverse industry for women and future winemakers. Download the “Closing the Gap in Winemaking” PDF here.

Early August Wine Reads

All you need to stay informed is Google and a glass of wine!

It’s true, “what I’m reading posts” are some of the easiest blog posts to put together and have been around since blogs were first created. But the combination of helping people discover new things and be more informed about what’s happening in the wine world, is what It’s Wine By Me is all about.

Besides, when friends ask me, ‘How do you know so much about wine,’ it all comes back to poking around the Internet and staying on top of what others are reporting. So, here’s what’s currently crossing my radar.

Harvest News

While California celebrates the start of Harvest 2022, more worrisome eyes are focused on the wildfires south of Bordeaux.

Women in Wine

Remember the Instagram uproar over D.C.’s women in wine? Some local publications took notice, too. Plus, some additional headlines worthy of your attention.

D.C.’s Women Sommeliers

A flurry of Instagram stories lit up my feed early this week after The Washington Post’s food critic failed to name any of the city’s female sommeliers during his weekly live chat.

The questioner even suggested there were only just a few. But the reality is there are an abundance of women in top wine positions across the Washington.  And just as Tom Sietsema asked in his reply, a list of D.C. Women in Wine curated by local industry women quickly emerged. Nearly 80 names as of this writing are included.

A screenshot from Tom Sietsema’s Q&A discussing women somms.

The tone of the Instagram posts ranged from outrage to opportunities to thank and uplift those who have been pivotal to opening doors for others in the industry.

And this illustrates why approaching wine and women is complicated. The perception of the lack of women in wine far outweighs the reality of what the community looks like.

Following these women, however, might be a good place to start: D.C. Women in Wine.